Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Unraveling Hormonal Dysregulation and Emerging Therapeutic Frontiers

Apurva Sudesh Abitkar, Krupa Sara Thomas, Angel Joy, Sonia Shah, Fathima Shazmeen, Joannie Venisa Mendonca

Abstract


One of the major endocrine conditions among the reproductive-age women is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) which is observable through excessive androgen levels, ovulatory disorders, and irregular metabolic functions. Even though its etiology is multifactorial, hormonal therapy still plays a vital role in its treatment, and hence, the main focus is on menstrual irregularity, insulin resistance, and excess androgen production. This paper highlights the theoretical foundations of PCOS, stressing the synergy between androgen excess, insulin dysregulation, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPO) dysfunction. We examine the validity of different hormonal therapies for example combined oral contraceptives, anti-androgens, ovulation inducers, and insulin sensitizers from a critical point of view by mentioning their virtues, limitations, and their effect on metabolic health. Besides an array of options in the form of drugs, there are cutting-edge therapies that present more optimistic trends for people seeking treatment that is precisely tailored. Treatment of PCOS has advanced to the degree that the combining of hormonal therapy with lifestyle interventions and fresh pharmaceuticals can be the main means of better patient outcomes.

Keywords


Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Hyperandrogenism, Insulin Resistance, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis, Hormonal Therapy, Combined Oral Contraceptives, Anti-Androgens, Ovulation Induction, Insulin Sensitizers, Neuroendocrine Dysfunction,

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v49.2.7097

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