Effects of aqueous extract of Amblygonocarpus andongensis (Fabaceae) stem bark on acute kidney injury induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction in Wistar rats

Odile Baponwa, André Perfusion Amang, Christophe Mezui, Benoît Bargui Koubala, Gaël Tchokomeni Siwe, Arnaud Warou Biandebe, Vandza Luc Vandi, Finsia Egre, Francis Takvou, Dalbaï Hawa’ou, Moussa Adamou, Paul Vernyuy Tan

Abstract


Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of action of Amblygonocarpus andongensis on acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Methods: 36 rats were divided into six groups of six animals each. AKI was induced by UUO on all animals except those in the normal and sham control groups, under anaesthesia. The animals were treated with 5 ml/kg distilled water (normal, sham and negative controls), aqueous extract of A. andongensis stem bark (AEAASB) at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg (test groups), daily for 3 days. Urinary, haematological, serum and oxidative stress parameters were assessed. Histological sections of the kidneys were taken. Results: AEAASB caused a significant decrease in the mass of obstructed kidneys, leucocyte count (p < 0.001), urinary protein and serum creatinine levels and consequently increase urinary creatinine level and the value of renal creatinine clearance (p < 0.001). Additionally, this extract, significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.05) and increased superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels (p < 0.001). Microphotographs showed that this extract prevented renal tissue damage induced by UUO. Principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering showed that AEAASB has therapeutic effects on AKI associated with UUO and that the 500 mg/kg dose was the most effective. Conclusion: AEAASB has nephroprotective effects which are thought to result from its vasodilatory and inhibitory action on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, via an increase in nitric oxide production.


Keywords


Amblygonocarpus andongensis, Unilateral ureteral obstruction, Nephroprotection, Antioxidant, Vasodilation.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v49.1.6988

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