Quantitative Analysis of Potassium Concentrations in Hair of Breast Cancer Patients Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)

Abstract

Breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, is associated with genetic mutations influenced by endogenous factors, such as DNA repair errors, and exogenous factors, including environmental pollutants and heavy metals. Potassium, an essential trace element, has emerged as a potential factor in cancer biology, although its role remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate potassium concentrations in hair samples from breast cancer patients and healthy individuals using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), a sensitive and cost-effective technique for trace element analysis. Hair, a non-invasive biological sample, was selected for its ability to reflect long-term exposure to environmental and metabolic changes. Results indicate significantly elevated potassium levels in breast cancer patients (mean: 226.65 ppm) compared to healthy controls (mean: 151.79 ppm), with levels ranging from 30.38 to 725.56 ppm in patients and 42.97 to 403.16 ppm in controls. These findings suggest a potential correlation between potassium accumulation and breast cancer, highlighting its possible role in cancer pathophysiology.