Construction Of Subsurface Wetland As An Efficient Method For Black And Gray Water Treatment In IPRC Musanze/Rwanda

Jean de Dieu BAZIMENYERA, Felix HAFASHIMANA

Abstract


Horizontal subsurface flow-built wetlands are used all over the world to treat wastewater from diverse sources. The Rwanda Polytechnic (RP)-Musanze College has a problem of treating wastewater which motivated us to conduct research on constructed wetland. This college utilizes the septic systems in treating the available wastewater volumes. The discharge from these septic tanks is not fully treated to meet the standards of the Environmental Effluent Regulations based on Rwanda Standard Board (RSB), which can pollute the groundwater which is the source of domestic water supply. The aim of this research was to assess the performance of a 250 m2 constructed wetland model (CWM) for wastewater treatment at the college. To achieve the objective of this study, samples from the inlet and outlet of CWM were taken and various parameters such as: Biological Oxygen Demand after 5 days (BOD5), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Nitrates (NO3-), Total Phosphorus (TP) and Fecal Coliforms (FC) were measured in Water Quality Laboratory of RP- College of Musanze. This CWM showed promising results in removing some pollutants but 80% BOD5, 82.5% TSS, 83.3% NO3-, 68.64% TP and 92.8% FC were not permissible based on RSB. With reference to the effluent quality of this CWM system, the outlet water can be used to irrigate non-food crops. In conclusion, it is recommended to use constructed wetlands as a natural and more efficient method of wastewater treatment, but to continue research into how artificial wetlands (1) reduce greenhouse gases emissions, (2) provide environmental protection and (3) mitigate the climate changes are absolutely necessary.


Keywords


Wetland, Wastewater, Water Quality Paremeters, Influent, Effluent

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v46.2.6554

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