Determinants Of The Choice Of Agricultural Financing Models Implemented By Decentralised Finance In Northern Benin

Dramane SALAMI, Souléïmane Adéyèmi ADEKAMBI

Abstract


Le financement agricole en Afrique subsaharienne reste dominé par des analyses centrées sur l'accès au crédit comme variable binaire, au détriment d'une compréhension des mécanismes qui orientent les producteurs vers un modèle de financement spécifique. Cette étude comble ce déficit analytique en examinant simultanément les déterminants socio-économiques, les dynamiques sociales intrafamiliales et les mécanismes institutionnels des systèmes financiers décentralisés (SFD) qui influencent le choix du modèle de financement agricole dans le Nord-Bénin. L'étude s'appuie sur une enquête menée auprès de 585 producteurs agricoles, bénéficiaires ou non de financement, sélectionnés par échantillonnage raisonné 04 communes du Nord-Bénin. Les données collectées ont été analysées à l'aide d'un modèle Logit Multinomial permettant de comparer le modèle individuel et groupé. Les résultats montrent que le sexe constitue le déterminant le plus discriminant : les hommes ont neuf fois plus de chances que les femmes d'opter le modèle de financement individuel. Le mode d'acquisition foncière, les garanties disponibles et les revenus agricoles segmentent davantage les bénéficiaires entre les deux modèles institutionnels. L'expérience de prêt antérieure révèle une dynamique relationnelle complexe : une ancienneté modérée favorise le modèle de financement groupé, tandis qu'une longue trajectoire bancaire réduit paradoxalement le recours au modèle de financement individuel. Ces résultats plaident pour des politiques de financement rural différenciées, tenant compte des trajectoires institutionnelles et des inégalités patrimoniales structurelles.


Keywords


Financement Agricole, Systèmes Financiers Décentralisés, Modèle Logit Multinomial, Modèle De Financement Groupé, Nord-Bénin.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v59.1.8568

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