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Intelligent Dual-Axis Solar Tracker : Experimental Validation of LDR Sensor Tracking Dynamics and Energy Optimization
Abstract
Higher education institutions are increasingly confronted with energy constraints and technological limitations, making the adoption of innovative solutions essential for strengthening university governance and academic performance. This study presents the design and implementation of an intelligent dual-axis solar tracking system aimed at improving the energy efficiency of pedagogical infrastructures. The system integrates an Arduino-based control unit, a real-time tracking algorithm, and a set of light-dependent sensors driving two motors that orient the photovoltaic panel along horizontal and vertical axes.
Experimental results show a significant enhancement in solar energy capture, with energy gains between 25 percent and 40 percent compared to a fixed photovoltaic panel under the local climatic conditions of southern Madagascar. This improvement contributes to stabilizing the power supply of educational facilities, particularly in regions affected by frequent electricity shortages.
Beyond its technical performance, the system also has strong pedagogical relevance. It offers students a hands-on platform that bridges electronics, mechanical design, and programming, thereby reinforcing applied learning and strengthening research-based training within university programs.
Overall, this work demonstrates that technological innovation can serve as an effective tool for improving university governance. By enhancing energy resilience, supporting modern teaching practices, and encouraging local scientific research, the proposed system contributes meaningfully to the advancement of higher education in Madagascar.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v55.1.7666
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