Β-TCP Synthesis Using Calcium From Calcined Paphia Undulata Shells

Nya Daniaty Malau

Abstract


β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is a promising ceramic biomaterial for bone tissue engineering due to its enhanced biodegradability and osteoconductivity compared to hydroxyapatite. This study synthesized β-TCP using a natural calcium source—Batik clam shells (Paphia undulata)—via precipitation followed by calcination (900°C, 8 hours). XRD analysis confirmed the formation of β-TCP (67.9%) with a trigonal structure (*a* = 10.4352 Å, *c* = 37.4029 Å), alongside β-calcium pyrophosphate (β-Ca₂P₂O₇; 32.1%), attributed to incomplete thermal conversion. SEM revealed agglomerated β-TCP particles (0.5–1.5 µm) with a rough surface morphology. The results highlight the viability of Batik clam shells as a sustainable calcium source for β-TCP synthesis, though further optimization is required to achieve higher phase purity and morphological uniformity. This work advances the development of locally derived biomaterials for biomedical applications.


Keywords


β-tricalcium phosphate, Batik clam shells, precipitation, XRD, SEM, biomaterial

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v52.1.7372

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