Design and Implementation of an Arduino-Based Solar Tracker to Maximize Energy Efficiency
Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of a solar tracker aimed at improving the energy efficiency of solar panels. The system uses an Arduino Uno microcontroller to coordinate light detection, motor control, and real-time orientation adjustments. It is equipped with light-dependent resistors, stepper motors, and motor drivers to ensure precise tracking of the sun’s position throughout the day.
The control algorithm compares light intensity values measured by sensors strategically positioned on the panel to determine the optimal orientation. Adjustments are made automatically to maximize solar energy capture. Experimental testing was conducted over three days, with measurements taken at different times. The results show that the solar tracker significantly improves energy output compared to a fixed solar panel, with an increase of up to 30 percent.
The obtained results are compared with findings from the scientific literature, demonstrating that the proposed system achieves comparable or better performance while maintaining simplicity and low cost. This makes it suitable for applications in domestic and agricultural settings where budget constraints are a concern.
The study underscores the importance of low-cost, accessible technology for advancing renewable energy adoption. The proposed solar tracker offers a practical and efficient solution for users seeking to optimize their solar panel systems.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v48.2.6902
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