Investigation of ATG5, ATG12 and LC3 Genes Expression Related to Autophagy in Colorectal Cancer

Nasredin Moradi, Arezou Sabbagh hadi, Parisa Pilvar

Abstract


Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths around the world. This type of cancer, like other cancers, is caused by the influence of environmental and genetic factors. One of the important mechanisms involved in cancer, especially colorectal cancer, is the autophagy mechanism. In this mechanism, important genes have been identified, including ATG12, ATG5, and LC3 genes.

Method: To evaluate the gene expression level, thirty colorectal tumor samples and thirty adjacent normal samples were used for carrying out Real-Time PCR method.

Results: We reported that there was no significant difference in the expression level of ATG12 and LC3 genes in tumor samples compared to normal samples (P>0.05), while the expression level of ATG5 gene with P Value=0.031 illustrated that this gene was reduced in colorectal tumor samples.

Key Words: Colorectal cancer, Autophagy, Real Time-PCR, ATG12, ATG5, LC3

Keywords


Colorectal cancer, Autophagy, Real Time-PCR, ATG12, ATG5, LC3.

Full Text:

PDF

References


An, C. H., Kim, M. S., Yoo, N. J., Park, S. W., & Lee, S. H. (2011). Mutational and expressional analyses of ATG5, an autophagy-related gene, in gastrointestinal cancers. Pathology-Research and Practice, 207(7), 433-437.

Astin, M., Griffin, T., Neal, R. D., Rose, P., & Hamilton, W. (2011). The diagnostic value of symptoms for colorectal cancer in primary care: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract, 61(586), e231-e243.

Boyle, P., & Leon, M. E. (2002). Epidemiology of colorectal cancer. British medical bulletin, 64(1), 1-25.

Bülow, S. (1980). Colorectal cancer in patients less than 40 years of age in Denmark, 1943–1967. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, 23(5), 327-336.

Burada, F., Nicoli, E. R., Ciurea, M. E., Uscatu, D. C., Ioana, M., & Gheonea, D. I. (2015). Autophagy in colorectal cancer: An important switch from physiology to pathology. World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 7(11), 271.

Cho, D.-H., Jo, Y. K., Kim, S. C., Park, I. J., & Kim, J. C. (2012). Down-regulated expression of ATG5 in colorectal cancer. Anticancer research, 32(9), 4091-4096.

De Rosa, M., Pace, U., Rega, D., Costabile, V., Duraturo, F., Izzo, P., & Delrio, P. (2015). Genetics, diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer. Oncology reports, 34(3), 1087-1096.

Geng, J., & Klionsky, D. J. (2008). The Atg8 and Atg12 ubiquitin‐like conjugation systems in macroautophagy. EMBO reports, 9(9), 859-864.

Guo, G.-F., Jiang, W.-Q., Zhang, B., Cai, Y.-C., Xu, R.-H., Chen, X.-X., . . . Xia, L.-P. (2011). Autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1 and LC3 predict cetuximab efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG, 17(43), 4779.

Haggar, F. A., & Boushey, R. P. (2009). Colorectal cancer epidemiology: incidence, mortality, survival, and risk factors. Clinics in colon and rectal surgery, 22(4), 191.

Jo, Y. K., Kim, S. C., Park, I. J., Park, S. J., Jin, D.-H., Hong, S.-W., . . . Kim, J. C. (2012). Increased expression of ATG10 in colorectal cancer is associated with lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis. PloS one, 7(12), e52705.

Kang, M. R., Kim, M. S., Oh, J. E., Kim, Y. R., Song, S. Y., Kim, S. S., . . . Lee, S. H. (2009). Frameshift mutations of autophagy‐related genes ATG2B, ATG5, ATG9B and ATG12 in gastric and colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability. The Journal of Pathology: A Journal of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 217(5), 702-706.

Kondo, Y., Kanzawa, T., Sawaya, R., & Kondo, S. (2005). The role of autophagy in cancer development and response to therapy. Nature Reviews Cancer, 5(9), 726.

Koukourakis, M., Giatromanolaki, A., Sivridis, E., Pitiakoudis, M., Gatter, K., & Harris, A. (2010). Beclin 1 over-and underexpression in colorectal cancer: distinct patterns relate to prognosis and tumour hypoxia. British journal of cancer, 103(8), 1209.

Mari, M., & Reggiori, F. (2007). Shaping membranes into autophagosomes. Nature cell biology, 9(10), 1125.

Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D., Fedewa, S. A., Ahnen, D. J., Meester, R. G., Barzi, A., & Jemal, A. (2017). Colorectal cancer statistics, 2017. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 67(3), 177-193.

Stewart, B. W., & Kleihues, P. (2003). World cancer report (Vol. 57): IARC press Lyon.

Tanida, I., Minematsu-Ikeguchi, N., Ueno, T., & Kominami, E. (2005). Lysosomal turnover, but not a cellular level, of endogenous LC3 is a marker for autophagy. Autophagy, 1(2), 84-91.

Tanida, I., Ueno, T., & Kominami, E. (2004). LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 36(12), 2503-2518.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v12.2.676

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Arash sajad

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.