Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges: Literature Review

Maged Naser, Mohamed M. Nasr, Lamia H. Shehata

Abstract


Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition with known impacts on cardiovascular and neurocognitive health, affecting nearly 1 billion individuals globally. While the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is the most commonly used metric to gauge OSA severity, its effectiveness in evaluating treatment response remains uncertain. This review explores the history and predictive capabilities of the AHI in various clinical scenarios and considers alternative metrics such as hypoxic burden, arousal intensity, odds ratio product, and cardiopulmonary coupling. Future research directions include utilizing genetics, blood biomarkers, machine learning, and wearable technologies to identify distinct OSA endophenotypes. The aim is to enhance diagnostic accuracy, prognostic insights, and patient care strategies in managing OSA-related consequences.


Keywords


Sleep, Apnea, Hypoxia, Cardiovascular, Lung, Hypopnea.

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v43.2.6087

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