Total Mobilization of Ukraine on Hybrid Warfare Strategy Against The Russian Invasion

Tantahara Tantahara, I Wayan Midhio, Afrizal Hendra, Fauzia Cempaka Timur

Abstract


Abstract— The conflict between Ukraine and Russia has presented complex challenges in the form of hybrid warfare, where Ukraine has adopted a strategy of total mobilization to resist the Russian invasion. This thesis aims to analyze and evaluate how Ukraine implements total mobilization within the context of hybrid warfare strategy to counter the Russian invasion. Through a qualitative research approach using document analysis, interviews, and surveys, this research explores the mobilization policies, tactics, and comprehensive approaches employed by Ukraine. The literature review involves an in-depth examination of the concepts of total mobilization, hybrid warfare strategy, and the Ukraine-Russia conflict. The theoretical framework adopts mass mobilization theory and hybrid warfare theory to provide a better understanding of Ukraine's total mobilization practices in the face of the Russian invasion. The collected data include the analysis of Ukraine's policies and strategies, as well as interactions occurring through social media and other platforms during the conflict. Data analysis will involve assessing the effectiveness of Ukraine's total mobilization in mobilizing society, coordinating war efforts, and influencing the dynamics of the conflict. The results of this research are expected to provide better insights into the effectiveness of Ukraine's total mobilization strategy in confronting hybrid warfare with Russia. The implications of these findings can guide the Ukrainian government and international actors in supporting Ukraine's efforts to resist the Russian invasion and defend their sovereignty.


Keywords


Conflict, Communication, Hybrid warfare strategy, Ukraine-Russia War, Total Mobilization

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alfiansyah, Octab. (2015). Upaya Rusia Dalam Mencegah Rencana Ukraina masuk Keanggotaan Uni Eropa.e-Journal Hubungan Internasional. Vol 3 (2) 216.

Amsir, Ahmad.A. (2021)“Perjanjian Westphalia dan Momentum Pendirian Negara Modern. Sulesana: Jurnal Wawasan Keislaman. Vol. 15. (1), 53-73.

Aththaariq Rizki, F. G. (2021). Synergy of Multi-Stakeholders in Defending Indonesia from Cyber Threats. Journal of Social Political Sciences Vol. 2, No. 2, Nov, 342-354.

Bernays, Edward L. (1928). Propaganda. New York: Ig Publishing

Caliskan, M. (2019). Hybrid warfare through the lens of strategic theory. Defense and Security Analysis, 35(1), 40–58.

Cangara, Hafied. (2016). Komunikasi Politik : Konsep, Teori, dan Strategi. Jakarta : RajaGrafindo Persada

Chairun, R. (2017). Persepsi Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional Universitas Mulawarman Terhadap Image Amerika Serikat Yang Dibangun Melalui Film Olympus Has Fallen. eJournal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Volume 5, 1421.

Clausewitz, Carl Von (1989) On War, New Jersey: Princeton University Press

CNN. (2022, 20 Februari). "Ukraine's government orders the formation of volunteer defense forces as fears of a Russian invasion grow." [https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/20/europe/ukraine-russia-volunteer-defense-forces-intl-hnk/index.html]. Diakses pada 12 September 2023

Cordesman, Anthony H.. (2022)., United States Aid to Ukraine : An Investment Whose Benefits Greatly Exceed its Cost. CSIS. https://www.csis.org/analysis/united-states-aid-ukraine-investment-whose-benefits-greatly-exceed-its-cost. diakses, 2022, November 21)

Costea, B and Kostas, A. (2017). Ernst Jünger, total mobilization and the work of war. Organization 24(4) 475–490

Creswell John.W. (2013). Penelitian Kualitatif & Desain Riset. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar

Cullen, Patrick, dan Erik, Reichborn-Kjennerud (2017) Apa itu perang hibrida? Kampanye Pengembangan Kemampuan Multinasional (MCDC) < https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/pemerintah/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/647776/dar_mcdc_hybrid_warfare.pdf >,

Doeser, F., & Frantzen, F. (2020). The strategic and realist perspectives: An ambiguous relationship. Journal of Strategic Studies, 00(00), 1–24

Drozd, O., Kobzar, O., Romanov, M., Hryhorii, D., & Pohoretskyi, M. (2022, December 29). Aspects of implementation of the law enforcement function of the state under the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine. https://scite.ai/reports/10.46398/cuestpol.4075.34

Fajar, C. (2018). “Memasuki Era Hybrid Warfare: Fenomena Perubahan Lingkungan Strategis Baru.” Review International Relations, Volume 1(1), 2019.. 1–15.

Fridman, O., Kabernik, V., & Pearce, J. C. (2019). Hybrid Conflict and Information Warfare. Lynne Rienner Publisher, Inc.

Friedrich Kratochwill (1989), Rules, Norms, and Decisions on the Conditions of Practical and Legal Reasoning in International Relations and Domestic Affairs. Cambridge University Pres

Gidadhubli, R. G. (2018). Expansion of NATO: Russia's Dilemma. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 39 (19), pp. 1885-1887

Greene, Robert, (2007). From ‘Segment Your Forces’ to ‘Trade Space for Time” in The 33 Strategies of War.

Guerrero, J D V. (2022, June 10). El Conflicto en Ucrania. https://doi.org/10.56221/spt.v1i1.7

Hendra, Zulda., Musani, Imam dan Samiaji, Ranu. (2021). Studi Kasus Perang Modern Antara Rusia dengan Ukraina Tahun 2014 Ditinjau dari Aspek Strategi dan Hubungan Internasional Serta Manfaatnya Bagi TNI AL”. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial. Vol. 2 ( 2), hh. 730-746. https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v2i2.632

Hobbes,T. (1946). Leviathan. London, Basil Blackwell

Holodomor History | National Museum of the Holodomor-Genocide. (n.d). https://holodomormuseum.org.ua/en/the-history-of-the-holodomor/

Hopf, Ted. 1998. The Promise of Constructivism in International Relation Theory. International Security, Vol.23 (1):171-200.

Hoffman, F. G. (2009). Conflict in the 21st Century: The Rise of Hybrid Wars . Virginia: Potomac Institute for Policy Studies

How Ukraine is Managing a War Economy - IMF. (n.d). https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2022/12/20/cf-how-ukraine-is-managing-a-war-economy

Ilbiz, E., & Kaunert, C. (2021). Cyber-attacks: what is hybrid warfare and why is it such a threat? https://theconversation.com/cyber-attacks-what-is-hybridwarfare- and-why-is-it-such-a-threat-164091

Indrajit, Richardus Eko. (2000) “Manajemen Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi”. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo

Javed, M S., Rahim, N., & Khan, A U. (2019). Russia's Annexation of Crimea and Security Implications for the Baltic States. Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR) Vol. IV(III) hh: 383 – 389

Jeong,H.W. (2008). Understanding Conflict and Conflict Analysis. London: SAGE Publications Ltd

Jitka Richterova, 2015. (2015). NATO: Hybrid Threat. Praha: Prague Student Summit

Johnson, R. (2018). Hybrid War and Its Countermeasures: A Critique of the Literature. Small Wars & Insurgencies, 29(1), 141–163

Jünger, E. (1930) Copse 125: A Chronicle from the Trench Warfare of 1918, 1st ed. London: Chatto & Windus

Kementerian Pertahanan RI Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan. Bahan Pembelajaran Proxy War. 2020. https://www.kemhan.go.id/badiklat/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/tmp_23263-HANJAR-PROXY-WAR-1197984620.pdf

Lalu, Petteri, dan Juha-Antero, Puistola (2015) 'Tentang konsep perang hibrida', Buletin Penelitian 1, Badan Penelitian Pertahanan Finlandia, < https://puolustusvoimat.fi/documents/1951253/2815786/PVTUTKL+TUTKIMUSKATSAUS+ 2015_1+engl.pdf/12fd458c-aa76-4ed6-a402-b19c13fb18c3/PVTUTKL+TUTKIMUSKATSAUS+2015_1+engl.pdf >

Larrabee, F. S. (1996). Ukraine's Place in European and Regional Security. Harvard Ukrainian Studies, vol. 20, 249-270

Lasswell, Harold D. (1968). ‘The Language of Power’, dalam Harold D. Lasswell ed., Language of Politics: Studies in Quantitative Semantics, Cambridge: MIT Press

Lasswell., Harold D. 1936. Politics: Who Gets What, When, How. New York: Whittlesey House

Lestari, P., Prabowo, A., Ishak, A., Junaedi, F., Budi, S., & Widodo, Y. (2012). Komunikasi Militer. Jakarta : Mata Padi Pressindo

MacKenzie, A., & Kaunert, C. (2021). Radicalisation, Foreign Fighters and the Ukraine Conflict: A Playground for the Far-Right? Social Sciences 10: 116.. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10040116

Marsh, Nicholas. (2023). Responding to Needs: Military Aid to Ukraine During the First Year After the 2022 Invasion. Defense & Security Analysis Volume 39, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/14751798.2023.2235121

Mas'oed, M. (1989). Studi Hubungan Internasional, Tingkat Analisis dan Teorisasi. Yogyakarta: Studi Sosial Universitas Gadjah Mada

Meiser, J., Cramer, T., & Turner-Brady, R. (2021). What Good Is Military Strategy? An Analysis of Strategy and Effectiveness in the First Arab-Israeli War. Scandinavian Journal of Military Studies, 4(1), 37–49.

Miles,M.B, Huberman,A.M, dan Saldana,J. 2014. Qualitative Data Analysis, A Methods Sourcebook, Edition 3. USA: Sage Publications. Terjemahan Tjetjep Rohindi Rohidi, UI-Press

Molchanov, M. A. (1996) ‘Borders of identity: Ukraine’s political and cultural significance for Russia’, Canadian Slavonic Papers / Revue

Canadienne des Slavistes Vol. 38(1/2) pp. 177-193

Morgenthau, H. (1965). Scientific Man vs Power Politics. Chicago : University of Chicago Press

Najzer, B. (2020). The Hybrid Age: International Security in the Era of Hybrid Warfare. bL.

Navis, A. (2017). Kebijakan Luar Negeri As Dalam Pengiriman Kembali Pasukan As Ke Irak 2013–2015 .Bachelor's thesis, Jakarta: Fakultas Ilmu Social Dan Ilmu Politik UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.

Nazir, Moh. (2003). Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Penerbit Ghalia Indonesia.

Nedozhogina, O. (2019). Digital media practices in a conflict setting: Ukraine after the Maidan. Central European Journal of Communication Volume 12, No 3 (24)

Nicolas, Onuf (1989), World of Our Making : Rule and Rule of Social Theory and International Relations. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press

Nuchterlein, Donald E. (1979). National Interest: A New Approach. Orbis, 23(1), 57-75

O'Gorman, H. (1973). Pluralistic ignorance and white estimates of white support for racial segregation. Public Opinion Quarterly, 39(3), 313-330.

Olson, M. B., Zhou, T., Jantz, M. R., Doshi, K. A., Lopez, M. G., & Hernandez, O. (2018) . Membrain: Automated application guidance for hybrid memory systems. IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage (NAS) pp. 1-10.

Perlmutter, Almos (2000). Militer dan Politik. Jakarta: PT. Grafindo Persada

Pranoto, M. Arief. (2019) “Perang Asimetris dan Skema Penjajahan Gaya Baru”. Jakarta: Global Future Institute

Rahsahad, Herdi. (2011)"Amerika Serikat, Globalisme Dan Perang Melawan Terorisme: Refleksi Historis." Interaktif, vol. 4, no. 3,

Rakha Pratama, F. G. (2023). Revitalisasi Kewaspadaan Nasional Melalui Sistem Pertahanan dan Keamanan terhadap Ancaman Perang Asimetris. NUSANTARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Volume 10 Issue 9, 4548-4559.

Ray, Michael. (2023). "Russia-Ukraine War". Encyclopedia Britannica, 5, https://www.britannica.com/event/2022-Russian-invasion-of-Ukraine. Accessed 6 September 2023

Rusnáková, S. (2017). Russian New Art of Hybrid Warfare in Ukraine. Slovak Journal of Political Sciences, 17(3–4), 343–380. https://doi.org/10.1515/sjps- 2017-0014

Russian forces seize Kreminna in eastern Ukraine’s Donbas region – as (n.d). https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/apr/19/russia-ukraine-war-zelenskiy-says-battle-for-donbas-has-begun-dialogue-between-macron-and-putin-stalls-live?page=with:block-625ee8d48f08cf2f8765ec30 https://www.britannica.com/event/2022-Russian-invasion-of-Ukraine

Sanders, Deborah. (2023). Ukraine’s third wave of military reform 2016–2022 – building a military able to defend Ukraine against the Russian invasion. Defense & Security

Analysis, 39:3, 312-328, DOI: 10.1080/14751798.2023.2201017

Sari, D. L. (2019). Ancaman Strategi Hybrid warfare Rusia: Sebuah Persepsi Dan Manifestasi Kebijakan Estonia. Review of International Relations, 1(1).32-56

Schiffrin, A. (2022). Fighting Disinformation in the 1930s: Clyde Miller and the Institute for Propaganda Analysis. International Journal of Communication 16 (2022), 3715–3741.

Shulman, S. (2004) ‘The contours of civic and ethnic national identification in Ukraine’, Europe-Asia Studies Vol. 56 (1), pp. 35-56

Sihombing, E.S dan Setiawan,M.E (2022). Kerancuan Berpikir: Propaganda Publik Media Pro-Ukraina Dalam Situasi Perang Rusia-Ukraina 2022. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Vol. 2(2) .

Smith, M. L. R., & Stone, J. (2011). Explaining Strategic Theory. Infinity Journal, 4, 27–30.

Smith, M. L.R . (2011). Strategic Theory: What it is…and just as importantly, what it isn’t. https://www.e-ir.info/2011/04/28/strategic-theory-what-it-is…and-just-asimportantly- what-it-isn’t/

Sorongan, Tommy Patrio. (2022, Terciduk! Ukraina Susun Serangan ke Fasilitas Nuklir Rusia. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20230526111358-4-440849/terciduk-ukraina-susun-serangan-ke-fasilitas-nuklir-rusia

The International Institute For Strategic Studies. (2015). The Military Balance 2015. London: Routledge

Total war: How Ukraine mobilised a country as Russia overreached. (n.d). https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/3/9/total-war-how-ukraine-mobilised-a-country-as-russia-overreached-2

Ukraine’s foreign legion joins the battle against Russia. (n.d). https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/14/russia-ukraine-war-international-legion-foreign-fighters

Veebel, V. (2020). Is the European Migration Crisis Caused by Russian Hybrid Warfare?. Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 13 (2), 44-53

Webel, C and Galtung, J., (2007). Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies”, New York : Routledge

Wendt, Alexander (1992). Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Yarger, H. R. (2006). Strategic Theory For The 21st Century: The Little Book On Big Strategy. United States Government




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v42.2.5968

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Tantahara Tantahara, I Wayan Midhio, Afrizal Hendra, Fauzia Cempaka Timur

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.