Analysis Of The Horse Feses Biochar Briquette With Variations Of Addition Of Starch As Adhesive

Abstract

The need for energy on an international scale continues to increase from time to time in line with the increasing process of industrialization throughout the world. The economic pattern that was originally focused on the agricultural sector has become an economic pattern that is based on the industrial sector. So what needs to be considered together is how to make energy savings in addition to looking for alternative energy sources to reduce dependence on petroleum. So this requires creative efforts to utilize horse feses to become biochar briquettes. Biochar briquettes are a renewable and environmentally friendly alternative energy source. The raw material in this study used horse feses which has a raw moisture content of 26.4%. Furthermore, horse feses underwent several treatments, namely mixed with starch. The ratio between horse feses (B) and starch (A) or the ratio B/A is 3, 5, 7, and 10. The mixture is then pressed with a pressure of 10 bar to get biomass briquettes weighing 10 gr each. Then the biomass briquettes were dried in the sun for 3 days. After that, the biomass briquettes underwent a pyrolysis process using a retort at a constant heating temperature of around 300^oC for 30 minutes to obtain biochar briquettes. The results showed that the average moisture content of the biochar samples was 3.1%, while the dry content was 96.9%. The high heating value experienced an average increase of 3.54% in line with the greater amount of starch contained in the biochar briquettes. Likewise with the low heating value there was an average increase of 3.69%.