Email this article 
Prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis Among Primary School Pupils in Abuja Municipal Area Council Abuja, Nigeria
Abstract
A study on the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was carried out among pupils in some selected primary school in Abuja Municipal Area Council Abuja,Nigeria.The study was carried out among 620 pupils comprised 264 males and 356 females age 5-16years .Single urine samples were collected from the pupils between 10.00hours and 13.00hours were examined for the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs using centrifugation techniques.Pupils examined 5(0.8%) had the eggs of S.haematobiuin their urine.The results shows that males were more infected 3(0.5%) than females 2(0.3%).There was no statistically significant association between the sexes (p>0.05).The infection rate varied according to age group,13-16years had the highest prevalence rate 3(0.5%) and age group 9-12years had the least prevalence 2(0.3%).The age group 5-8years had zero prevalence rate. The prevalence in relation to school shows that Azhata recorded the highest prevalence of 2(0.3%) where as Gidamangoro,Orozo and Karshi recorded 1(0.2%),1(0.2%) and 1(0.2%) respectively,where as Karu and Jikwoyi had recorded zero prevalence.The distribution according to sources of drinking water shows that well water had high prevalence 3(0.5%) and sachet water recorded the least prevalence 2(0.3%),Tap water ,borehole and rivers/stream had recorded zero prevalence. There was no statistically significant relationship between age, schools and sources of drinking water and prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis infection. This result of this study shows that urinary schistosomiasis was low prevalence in the study area. This studies strongly suggest that provision of adequate clean water supply, health education on the modes of transmission, prevention and treatment should be provided and strengthened to achieved total eradication of the disease in the study area.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdulkadir, A., Ahmed, M., Abubakar, B.M., Suleimana,I.E. et’al. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Nigeria, 1994–2015: Systematic review and meta-analysis. African Journal of Urology.2017,23:228-239.
Adekola Saheed Salawu,Salawu Ore Asaolu and Oluyomi Abayomi Sowemimo. Co-infections with Schistosoma haematobium among school-age children in Saki,Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 2014, 6(12):417-423.
Adeyaba, O. A., and Ojeaga, S. G. T. Urinary schistosomiasis and concomitant urinary tract pathogen among school children in metropolitan Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research, 2002, 5, 103–107.
Adulugba, C and Omudu, E.A.E p i d e m i o l o g i c a l s t u d i e s o f Schistosomiasis in Agatu LGA, Benue State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2013, 34:12-18.
Akinboye, D.O., Ajisebutu, J. U., Fawole, O. M., Agbolade, O. M., Akinboye, D. O., Amosu, A. M. and Emem, O. Urinary schistosomiasis. Water contact frequency and infertility among secondary school students in Ibadan, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2011. 32, 129–134.
Akinwale,O.,Ajayi,M.,Akande,D.,Adeleke,M.,Gyang,P.,Adeneye,A.,et al. Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection in a neglected community, south western Nigeria. International Journal of Health Research, 2009, 2(2):148.
Akpan, S. S., Dike, P.C and Mbah, M. The Prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis among School Children in Nkarasi and Edor Communities in Ikom Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Pyrex Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2017, 4 (1) 1-4.
Amaechi,Ebube Charles. Urinary Schistosomiasis among school age children in some rural communities of Abia State, South Eastern Nigeria. Animal Research International, 2014, 11(2):1953-1957
Amuta, E.U.and Houmsou, R.S. Prevalence, intensity of infection and risk factors of urinary schistosomiasis in preschool and school aged children in Guma Local Government Area, Nigeria. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine,2014. 34-39.
Bashir, S.F., Usman, U., Sani, N.M. and Kawo, A.H. Prevalence of Schistosoma Haematobium among Population Aged 1- 25 Years Attending Rasheed Shekoni Specialist Hospital, Dutse, Jigawa State-Nigeria. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences,2016 Volume 11, Issue 6 Ver. I . PP 20-24
Bello, A., Jimoh, O. A., Shiitu, S. B., and Hudu, S. A. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis and associated haemato-proteinuria in Wurno Rural Area of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Orient Journal of Medicine,2014, 26(3–40), 114–121.
Biyaya, Beatrice Nwankwo, and Adebowe,Ernest Onifade .Prevalence and intensity of Urinary Schistosomiasis among school children of Anguwan dodo a semi-urban community in Gwagwalada, Abuja. Journal of Microbiology and Biochemical Reseach,2019,4(3):33.
Brouwer, K.C., Munatsi, A.,Ndhlovu, P.D.,Wagatsuma, Y.and Shiff, C.J. Urinary schistosomiasis in Zimbabwean school children: predictors of morbidity. African Health Sciences.2004, 4(2): 115-118.20. 58.
Casmir I.C.Ifeanyi, Benard M. Matur and Nkiruka F. Ikeneche. Urinary Schistosomiasis and Concomitant Bacteriuria in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja Nigeria. New York Science Journal.2009,2(2);1-8.
Chitsulo, L. D., Engles, A; Montreson and Savioli, L. The global state of Schistosomiasis and its Control. Acta Tropica, 2000, 77: 41-51.
Dahab TO, El-Bingawi HM. Epidemiological survey: Schistosoma haematobium in schoolchildren of White Nile areas, Khartoum. Sudan Medical Journal.2012;48(2):1–6.
Deribew, K., Tekeste, Z. and Petros, B. Urinary schistosomiasis and malaria associated anemia in Ethiopia. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine,2013,3(4):307–310.DOI: 10.1016/S2221- 1691(13)60068-4.
DeSilva,N.R.,Brooker,S.,Hotez,P.J.,Montresor,A.,Engels,D.and Savioli,L. Soil-transmitted helminthes infections: updating the global picture. Trends Parasitology,2003, 19(12):547-551..
Gberikon,G.M.,Aguoru,C.U. and Yandev,D.Incidence of Schistosoma Haematobium and Trichomonas Vaginalis among Occupational status of Patients Attending some selected Hospitals in Gboko,Benue State of Nigeria. International Journal of Sciences.2015,4(06):38-43.
Goselle, N.O., Anegbe, D., Imande, G.N., Dakul, D.A., Onwuliri, C.O.E., Abba, O.J., Udeh, O.E. and Abelau, A.M. Schistosoma mansoni infections amongst school children in Jos, Nigeria. Science World Journal,2010, 5(1): 23-30.
Hassan,J.,Mohammed,K.,Opaluwa.S.A,Adamu.T.,Nataala,S.U.,Garba,M.K.,Bello,M.,andBunza,N.MDiagnostic Potentials of Haematuria and Proteinuria in Urinary Schistosomiasis among School-Age Children in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State, North-Western Nigeria .Asian Journal of Research Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences.2017, 2(4): 1-9.
Harp, D.F. and Chowdhury, I.. Trichomoniasis: Evaluation to Execution. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,2011, 157 (1): 3-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.02.024
Herbert, O.K. Epidemiological study of schistosomiasis in Jos, South local government area, Plateau State. The Nigerian Journal of Parasitology,2012, 13: 26-30.
Houmsou, R.S., Amuta, E.U.,and Sar, T.T. Profile of an epidemiological study of urinary Schistosomiasis in two local government areas of Benue state, Nigeria. International Journal of Biomedical Research,2012,1(1):39–48.
Ishaleku, D., Yako, A.B., Usman, D., and Azamu, S.A.Schistosoma haematobium Infections among school children in Keffi Town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.Scholarly Journal of Medicine,2012, 2(7). 104-107
Kehinde, J., Amoo, Oladipupo A.J. Amoo., Adewale, A. Oke , and Tope, T. Adegboyega. Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and Concomitant Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Children in Remo North Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS),2017,Volume 16, Issue 11 Ver. II (Nov. 2017), PP 68-73
Khalaf,Ismail.,Shokeir,Ahmed.,and Shalaby,Mohammed. Urologic complications of Genitourinary Schistosomiasis. World Journal of Urology,2012,30(1):31-38.
Liao, C.W., Sukati, H., Nara, T., Tsubouchi, A., Chou, C.M., Jian, J.Y.,and et al. Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection among schoolchildren in remote areas devoid of sanitation in Northwestern Swaziland, Southern Africa. Japanese Journal of Infectious Disases,2011,64(4):322-326.
Mafiana, C.F., Ekpo, U.F. and Ojo, D.A. Urinary Schistosomiasis in Pre- school children in settlements around Oyan Reservior in Ogun State, Nigeria: Implications for Control. Tropical Medicine and International Health,2003, 8 (1): 78 – 82
Mbata, T., Orgi, M. and Oguoma, V. T h e p r e v a l e n c e o f u r i n a r y schistosomiasis in Ogbadibo Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009,7(1): 3 – 7
Mohammed,K.,Suwaiba,M.,Spencer,T.H.I.,Nataala,S.U., Ashcroft, O.F., Nuhu,A. andAsiya,U.I.Prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Children in Kwalkwalawa Area, Sokoto State, North-Western Nigeria.Asia Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,2018, 3(1):1-10.
Muhammad, Imrana. Arzika., Kabiru, Abdullahi., Aminu, Yabo. Bala. and Sa’adatu, Aliyu. Shinkafi.Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in Wamakko Local Government, Sokoto State, Nigeria. The journal of Basic and Applied Zoology,2019,80:22
Nanvya, T.N., Dakul, D.A. and Mwansat, G.S. Schistosomiasis in Ndinjor District of Langtang North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Parasitology,2011, 32 (2): 209 – 213.
Nwachukwu, P. C., Ohaeri, C. C., Ukpai, O. M., Irole-Eze, O. P., and Amaechi, E. C. Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection among school-aged children in Afikpo North Local Government Area, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Sri Lankan Journal Biology,2018, 3(2), 1–8..
Nwibari ,A.M.W., Johnson,C.T., Yohanna,J.A. and Dakul D.A.(2016). Prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis Among Human Immuno- deficiency Virus
/s Patients Attending Faith Alive Medical Centre in Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria. International Journal of Biomedical and Health Science Vol. 12, No.1;33.
National Population Census (2015). Projected population, 2015–2020. Abuja:National Population Commission Office.
OFOEZIE, I. E. and OLADEJO, S. O. (2006).Unabated schistosomiasis transmission in Erinle River Dam, Osun State, Nigeria: evidence of neglect of environmental effects of developmental projects. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 11(6): 843 – 850.
Ofoezie, I.E., Bolton, P., Imevbore, A.M.A. and Christensen, N.O. (2013).Schistosomiasis and other helminth infections in Irrigation Schemes in Sokoto, Katsina and Kebbi States of Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 17: 31-37.
Olajumoke M, Junaid Q, Claire O, et al. A cross-sectional study on urogenital schistosomiasis in children; haematuria and proteinuria as diagnostic indicators in an endemic rural area of Nigeria. Africa Health Science. 2014,14,(2):390–396.
Okechukwu, P.O. Bacteria in primary school children with urinary schistosomiasis in rural communities in Enugu State, Nigeria. Bulletin of the World Health Organization ,2012,45(4):494–695.
Olds, G.R. and Srinivasan, D. Schistosomiasis. Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases.2000, 2:88–99
Sama, M.T., Oyono, E. and Ratard, R.C. High risk behaviours and schistosomiasis infection in Kumba, Southwest Province, Cameroon. International Journal of Environnmental Research and Public Health,2007,4:101-105.
Steinmann,P.,Keiser,J.,Bos,T.,Tanner,M. and Utzinger,J.Schistosomiasis and water resources development:systematic review,meta-analysis,and estimates of people at risk.Lancet Infectious Diseases,2006,6:411-425.
Sturrock, R. F. Schistosomiasis epidemiology and control: How did we get here and where should we go? Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,(2001), 96 (suppl), 17–27.
Uweh, P.O., Omudu, E. A. and Onah, I. E.(2015).Current status of Schistosomiasis amongst school children in Igede land in Benue State Nigeria. Journal of pure and applied sciences,2015,5;33.
Vennervald, Birgitte,Jyding.Epidemiology and mechanism of car-cinogenesis of schistosomiasis.Tropical hemato-oncology,Springer International Publisher:2015,9(10):165-70.
World Health Organisation.(2013). Schistosomiasis: World Healtth Organization
World Health Organization. Research priorities for helminth infections: Technical report of the TDR disease reference group on helminthes infections. (Technical report series; no. 972),2012, (pp. 60–62)
World Health Organization.Water-related diseases—schistosomiasis view at.www.who.int/water sanitation health/diseases/ schisto /en.2016.
World Health Organisation, Geneva. Schistosomiasis Fact Sheet. Retrieved from www.who.org/infections,2015.
WHO. Schistosomiasis (online) Cited 5 February. Available at http: ,2013.
WHO (2015): Tropical Disease Research Progress. World Health Organization. Geneva. Switzerland, 2015.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v23.1.2268
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2020 Okezie Gabriel Chidiebere, R.A.U. NWOBU, Mgbowula Goodness Ifeoma
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.