Biocontamination dans un Laboratoire de Niveau 1 de Sécurité Biologique à Antananarivo en 2019

Abstract

Background: A level 1 biosecurity laboratory is not equipped with a safety device and the benches have no protection against the spread of biological agents. The objective of this study is to identify the most contaminated areas in the working environment in the bacteriology laboratory.

Methods: This study was carried out in the medical analysis laboratory of the Ambohimiandra University Hospital Center in Antananarivo (Madagascar) in 2019. Samples of the environment (air and surfaces) and skin were collected with sterile dry swabs humidified with physiological water. Isolated organisms were studied if they have similar morphology similar to culture media contaminants in examinations of patient samples. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing have been done on each isolated bacteria.

Results: During the study, 14 samples were collected, 10 of which were positive, particularly with Staphylococci. Coagulase negative staphylococci were predominant and found on all types of samples (air, surfaces, hands), but more particularly on hands of technicians. Klebsiella pneumoniae and non-fermentative bacteria were also observed respectively in the air samples and surfaces.
Conclusion: The biological contamination of the environment and of the hands of the personnel impacts on the results of biological analyzes hindering the interpretation even leading to the error of the results. Measures corresponding to the biological safety level of the laboratory must be adapted to prevent these errors.
Key words - Biocontamination; bacteria; Hospital hygiene; Laboratory; Biological safety.