Fossil Energy Technology And The Future Of Energy In Indonesia

Abstract

This article discusses the urgency and role of fossil energy technology in providing clean, affordable, and sustainable electricity in Indonesia. The focus on the Clean Coal Program as a strategic step by the Government reflects concrete efforts in developing a technology portfolio. Despite challenges related to environmental impact, the essence of this article summarizes the progress of fossil energy technology, emission standards, and adaptation to diverse environmental conditions. The Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) for 2021-2023, as a crucial foundation, demonstrates the ambition to enhance the role of Renewable Energy (RE), although the current realization falls below the target. The transformation of coal-fired power plants into RE generators and the commitment to the Paris Agreement represent proactive steps in the energy transition, emphasizing sustainability and positive environmental impacts. The dynamics of Indonesia's energy transition face complex challenges and debates regarding acceleration or gradual approaches. While new and renewable energy takes center stage, an evaluation of optimistic scenarios highlights the complexity of the energy system transformation towards a green future. This article depicts the dynamics and complexity of the shift towards clean energy and explores opportunities and challenges in Indonesia's future.