Utilization of Sweet Sap from Sorghum Stalk as Bioethanol with Variation of Yeast in the Fermentation Process

Hendry Sakke Tira, Rudy Sutanto

Abstract


Awareness to anticipate the future crisis of fossil fuel, particularly oil, has encouraged efforts to find alternative sources of fuel, especially those derived from plants, one of which is bioethanol. Bioethanol is a renewable fuel with high economic value. From various potential plant sources that can be developed into alternative fuel, one of them is sweet sap from sorghum stalk. This research aims to determine the effect of different types of yeast on the volume, alcohol content, and specific gravity of bioethanol produced from sorghum stalk. The variations of yeast used in this research were tapay yeast, baker’s yeast, and turbo yeast, with a yeast mass of 10 g/L, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) mass of 0.6 g/L, and urea mass of 0.5 g/L. Bioethanol was produced from the sweet sap through a 3-day fermentation process, with a sample volume of 3 liters, followed by distillation using a vacuum distillation apparatus. The research was conducted at room temperature and pressure so that all sweet sap obtained the same treatment before being given different types of yeast. The results of the research showed that the highest alcohol content was obtained from the fermentation process using tapay yeast, followed by baker’s yeast and turbo yeast. Meanwhile, the largest volume of bioethanol was obtained from the fermentation process using turbo yeast. The highest specific gravity of 0.9456 was also obtained from the fermentation process using turbo yeast, while the lowest was obtained from the fermentation process using tapay yeast.


Keywords


stalk sorghum; yeast; alcohol content; specific gravity

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References


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