Extraction and Characterization of Betacyanins from Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

Nia Ananda Putri Utami, Selvi Apriliana Putri, Minda Azhar

Abstract


Beetroot has a characteristic red-violet color. This color comes from betacyanins compounds that can be used in food and pharmaceutical products. This study aimed to characterize the betacyanins extracted from beetroot. The extraction process was carried out by maceration method using ethanol and water in a ratio of 1:1(v/v). The extraction results were characterized using FTIR and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Characterization of the extraction results using FTIR showed the presence of functional groups C-H, O-H, N-H, C-O, and C=C. This indicates that the extraction result is a betacyanins compound that consists of betalamic acid and cyclo DOPA groups. The UV-Vis spectrum showed three wave peaks at absorbances of around 300 nm, 480 nm, and 530 nm. Absorbance at wavelengths of 300 nm and 530 nm indicates the presence of betacyanins compounds contained in beetroot, while λ 480 nm identifies the presence of compounds betaxanthins which is a derivative of betalains. Higher absorption of betacyanins than betaxanthins showed that the main component of beetroot is betacyanins.


Keywords


beetroot; betacyanins; Beta vulgaris L.

Full Text:

PDF

References


B. Neelwarne, Red beet biotechnology: Food and pharmaceutical applications. 2012.

G. B. Celli dan M. S. L. Brooks, “Impact of extraction and processing conditions on betalains and comparison of properties with anthocyanins — A current review,” Food Res. Int., vol. 100, hal. 501–509, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.08.034.

Y. Qin, F. Xu, L. Yuan, H. Hu, X. Yao, dan J. Liu, “Comparison of the physical and functional properties of starch/polyvinyl alcohol films containing anthocyanins and/or betacyanins,” Int. J. Biol. Macromol., vol. 163, hal. 898–909, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.065.

L. Halimfenezi, Rusdi, dan R. Asra, “A Review: Analysis of Betacyanin Levels in Various Natural Products,” Asian J. Pharm. Res. Dev., vol. 5, no. 2, hal. 1–8, 2017.

R. Asra et al., “Studi fisikokimia ekstrak umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L) sebagai pewarna pada sediaan tablet,” Dalam J. Farm. Higea, Padang, vol. 12, no. 1, hal. Hlm. 65-74, 2020.

A. Fuadi, “4 Ultrasonik Sebagai Alat Bantu Ekstraksi Oleoresin Jahe,” J. Teknol., vol. 12, no. 1, hal. 14–21, 2012.

E. L. Bastos dan L. C. P. Gonçalves, “Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Betalains,” Water Extr. Bioact. Compd. From Plants to Drug Dev., hal. 245–268, 2017, doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-809380-1.00009-7.

F. Fathordoobady, H. Mirhosseini, J. Selamat, dan M. Y. A. Manap, “Effect of solvent type and ratio on betacyanins and antioxidant activity of extracts from Hylocereus polyrhizus flesh and peel by supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction,” Food Chem., vol. 202, hal. 70–80, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.121.

X. Yao, Y. Qin, M. Zhang, J. Zhang, C. Qian, dan J. Liu, “Development of active and smart packaging films based on starch, polyvinyl alcohol and betacyanins from different plant sources,” Int. J. Biol. Macromol., vol. 183, hal. 358–368, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.152.

N. Chhikara, K. Kushwaha, S. Jaglan, P. Sharma, dan A. Panghal, “Nutritional, physicochemical, and functional quality of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) incorporated Asian noodles,” Cereal Chem., vol. 96, no. 1, hal. 154–161, 2019, doi: 10.1002/cche.10126.

N. Naderi, H. M. Ghazali, A. S. M. Hussin, M. Amid, dan M. Y. Mohd, “Characterization and quantification of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) betacyanin pigments extracted by two procedures,” Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci., vol. 35, no. 1, hal. 33–40, 2012.

A. B. D. Nandiyanto, R. Oktiani, dan R. Ragadhita, “How to read and interpret ftir spectroscope of organic material,” Indones. J. Sci. Technol., vol. 4, no. 1, hal. 97–118, 2019, doi: 10.17509/ijost.v4i1.15806.

X. Y. Tang et al., “Betacyanins functionalized selenium nanoparticles inhibit HepG2 cells growth via mitochondria-mediated pathway,” J. Funct. Foods, vol. 78, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104359.

A. R. Hernández-Martínez, M. Estévez, S. Vargas, dan R. Rodríguez, “Stabilized conversion efficiency and Dye-Sensitized solar cells from Beta vulgaris pigment,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 14, no. 2, hal. 4081–4093, 2013, doi: 10.3390/ijms14024081.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v35.1.4694

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Nia Ananda Putri Utami

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.