Engineering High-Temperature Superconductors For Future Energy Technologies Of REBCO Materials, Critical Current Density, And Flux Pinning: A Bibliometric Analysis

Risqi Prastianto Setiawan, Indras Mahaendrajaya, Heri Sutanto

Abstract


High-temperature superconductors (HTSs) are promising materials for future energy technologies because they can carry high electrical currents and generate strong magnetic fields under suitable cryogenic conditions. Among the available HTS families, rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) has attracted considerable attention because of its high critical temperature, strong in-field performance, and compatibility with coated-conductor manufacturing. Nevertheless, the practical deployment of REBCO remains constrained by critical-current degradation under magnetic fields, vortex motion, alternating-current losses, mechanical limitations, manufacturing costs, and cooling requirements. This systematic literature review evaluates recent developments in REBCO superconductors, with particular emphasis on critical current density, artificial flux-pinning centers, nanocomposite engineering, conductor fabrication, and potential energy applications. The proposed review follows a transparent literature-search and screening procedure informed by the PRISMA 2020 reporting framework. Relevant evidence is organized into five themes: intrinsic superconducting properties, microstructural engineering, processing–structure–property relationships, application requirements, and technological barriers. The literature indicates that introducing well-designed nanoscale defects can improve vortex pinning and enhance current-carrying performance under magnetic fields. However, improvements depend on defect morphology, orientation, density, and compatibility with the superconducting matrix. Furthermore, higher critical temperature alone does not guarantee superior engineering performance because current density, mechanical integrity, operating temperature, manufacturing yield, and cost must be considered simultaneously. Future research should prioritize scalable nanocomposite fabrication, standardized performance measurements, reduced-cost conductor production, and application-specific optimization. By integrating materials science with engineering requirements, this review establishes a framework for evaluating REBCO development and identifying research directions for future superconducting energy systems.

Keywords


critical current density; high-temperature superconductors; nanocomposite superconductors; REBCO.

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v59.2.8783

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